Paths for Configure MySQL and MariaDB

Setting up and configuring your MySQL or MariaDB database on an Ubuntu server is a crucial step in ensuring optimal performance and security for your web applications. The configuration files hold the key to fine-tuning the behavior of your database server.

In this guide, we will walk you through the essential paths for accessing the configuration files on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS and below, as well as Ubuntu 18.04 LTS and above, for both MySQL and MariaDB.

Paths for Configuration Files:

1. MySQL with Ubuntu 16.04 LTS or Below Version:

sudo nano /etc/mysql/my.cnf

For users operating on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS or earlier versions, this path leads to the main configuration file for MySQL. Here, you can adjust various settings such as server parameters, buffer sizes, and logging options.

2. MySQL with Ubuntu 18.04 LTS or Above Version:

If you are working with Ubuntu 18.04 LTS or a later version, the MySQL configuration file is typically organized in the mysql.conf.d directory. The mysqld.cnf file within holds the specific configurations for the MySQL daemon.

3. MariaDB with Ubuntu 16.04 and Debian 9 or Above Version:

For those utilizing MariaDB on Ubuntu 16.04 and Debian 9 or later, the configuration file is located in the mariadb.conf.d directory. The 50-server.cnf file is where you can tailor the server settings according to your application's requirements.

Automatic Restart MySQL When It Goes Down

Managing the availability of your MySQL database is critical for uninterrupted service. In the event that your MySQL server unexpectedly stops, whether due to system issues or any other reason, it's essential to have a mechanism in place to automatically restart it. This blog post will guide you through the process of creating a shell script and setting up a Systemd service that monitors MySQL's status and automatically restarts it if it's not running. These instructions are applicable to Ubuntu, Debian, and CentOS Linux distributions.

Follow the step-by-step instructions below to create an automated MySQL restart system on your Ubuntu, Debian, or CentOS server:

[Step 1: Login to the Terminal]

Access your server's terminal by logging in as a superuser (root) with the following commands:

sudo su

You'll be prompted for your system password (Enter with your System password).

[Step 2: Create a Shell Script to Restart MySQL]

Create a shell script named `restart_mysql.sh` and open it for editing:

nano /usr/local/bin/restart_mysql.sh

Add the following content to the file:

#!/bin/bash

while true; do

    if ! systemctl is-active --quiet mysql; then

        echo "MySQL is not running. Restarting..."

        /etc/init.d/mysql start

    fi

    sleep 5

done

Save the file. its looks like below image

[Step 3: Make the Script Executable]

Make the script executable with the following command:

chmod +x /usr/local/bin/restart_mysql.sh

[Step 4: Create a Systemd Service]

Create a Systemd service file named `mysql_restart.service` and open it for editing:

nano /etc/systemd/system/mysql_restart.service

Add the following content to the file:

[Unit]

Description=MySQL Restart Service

After=network.target

[Service]

ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/restart_mysql.sh

Restart=always

User=root

Group=root

[Install]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

Save the file. its looks like below image

[Step 5: Enable and Start the Service]

Enable the newly created service and start it:

sudo systemctl enable mysql_restart.service

sudo systemctl start mysql_restart.service

[Step 6: Check the Status of the Service]

You can check the status of the MySQL restart service using the following command:

sudo systemctl status mysql_restart.service

This command will display information about the service, including whether it's active and running.

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By following these steps, you will have set up an automatic MySQL restart mechanism on your Ubuntu, Debian, or CentOS server, ensuring that your MySQL database restarts seamlessly whenever it unexpectedly stops, thereby maintaining uninterrupted database operations.